Yeah.  I see at NewEgg that the USB5699B can snag the caller ID information.
A happy buyer testified to this effect.

I have seen a "technical specifications" for plug-in PCI I/O cards, at
NewEgg, which don't necessarily prove to be true.  Indeed, this was the case
for plug-in serial i/o cards that were supposed to operate at up to 1
megabit speeds.  My testing proved this was invalid; I could't get past 230
kb with HyperTerminal.  It didn't matter whether the card was expensive or
cheap; the same fault occurred.  Turned out the chipset was the same, so the
surprise was no surprise!

The point is that user feedback, as found at NewEgg, is valuable.  Though I
am slightly disgruntled by NewEgg's role as a mouthpiece for
sometimes-inflated technical claims by manufacturers, I consider NewEgg's
reader feedback to outweigh that slight by a wide margin.

Meanwhile, I have a long list of modems that supposedly honor caller ID.  My
modem is on that list.  In fact, I see an awful lot of modems there,
including some really old ones.  This list may have been generated by
someone noticing which modems had the AT commands for caller ID.  My modem
would thus be included.

But the mere presence of the AT+VCID=1 command didn't suffice.  The thing
just doesn't work.  And I have properly entered the "+VCID=1" command in my
Device Manager tab, for user-entered commands.  Viewing the (boot) log
therein proves the command is entered without being negated, too.  Still no
dice.

Interestingly, when I first entered this command I wrote "AT+VCID=1".  The
boot log showed this "went in," but was immediately negated with the reverse
command, "AT+VCID=0"    I was later advised (by the help info that came with
some software) to NOT ENTER the "AT" prefix.  This was good advice.

Still, no dice.

Thanks for your consultation on this.  I suppose that if I want to pursue
this thing further I should buy a USR5699B.  I don't think so, though, at
this time.